![]() ( 1) It is Pakistan’s largest city and its only port. According to results of the pre-census house count conducted in 2011, it is among the fastest growing megacities in the world – and perhaps the fastest growing if measured by the annual increment in the population. Sindh is the south-eastern province and Karachi is its capital. Pakistan is a federation of four provinces. The paper ends with recommendations for land titling, for changes in transport policies, for better use of land already owned by government agencies, for cross-political party agreement on how to address serious security issues (that are leading to loss of investment) and for increased political effectiveness of Karachi’s active civil society organizations. Also explored are the connections among land, housing and transport (which include different processes of densification) and the complex politics involved. The paper describes the changes in formal and informal land markets over the last 50 years and the changing responses by government agencies to housing (and land for housing) issues. ![]() It also describes what underpins this – especially the political complications in a city that has grown so rapidly, has had fundamental changes in its ethnic composition (and thus also in its politics) and has attracted so many illegal immigrants. ![]() This paper describes the complex processes by which land is (formally and informally) made available for housing (and for commercial development), as well as who benefits – and how the low-income majority of Karachi citizens lose out. Karachi is one of the world’s fastest growing large cities. ![]()
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May 2023
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